Why apartment buildings cannot be individually heated

The constant rise in utility bills does not suit many owners of urban dwellings. At some point, some of them begin to think about creating individual heating in an apartment building. This process has many nuances that you should learn about before starting the procedure.

Pay only for yourself in an apartment building

general information

The creation of an individual heating system in an apartment assumes that the owner refuses to use traditional heat supply. During this work, pipes and radiators are dismantled, instead of them new batteries and lines are installed, connected to the heating installation.

Recently, electric boilers and gas-fired equipment have been increasingly used in apartments. Such devices function according to a simple principle: they increase the temperature of the water and ensure its constant circulation in the system, due to which the city apartment is heated. Gas models can be single or double circuit. The former are used exclusively for heating rooms, the latter additionally provide the apartment with hot water.

In this video, we will consider examples of heating in an apartment building:

Varieties of devices

The variety of boilers for heating today is simply amazing. These units can be wall-mounted or floor-mounted. The first ones are the most in demand. Experts consider their main advantages to be compact size and attractive price. Floor-standing ones are also not without advantages, which include high power and the ability to operate for a long time.

Along with devices that require “blue” fuel for operation, electric boilers are common. The main positive aspects when using them are affordable price and high level of security. The installation of such devices is permissible in absolutely any room in the apartment.

But if the house has old wiring, then the placement of such equipment will not be the best solution, since the risk of constant knocking out of traffic jams increases.

Having chosen a gas boiler as a device for an autonomous system, you need to prepare for big expenses. Installation of such devices is expensive. However, they delight the owner with a long service life and quickly pay off. The thing is that “blue” fuel is cheaper than electric energy.

When looking for suitable equipment, it is necessary to build on the size of the room and take into account a number of other conditions. Selection of installation for heating - a responsible task, so you should not be frivolous about buying such a device. It is important that the model has sufficient power to create a warm atmosphere in the home. When calculating this parameter, one should be guided by the following norm: 1 kW of heating boiler power creates a comfortable temperature for 10 m². To determine exactly what capacity of the installation will be the most suitable, you just need to divide the area of the apartment by 10.

Rules for installing gas equipment in an apartment

All the steps outlined above take place both in Russia and in Ukraine. The difference can only be in the names of organizations and the cost of a particular service. Those who move into a new home that are not connected to district heating will have less fuss.There is no need to visit the heating network and disconnect from the risers, and permission to install a gas boiler in an apartment can be in the package of documents. Everything else is unchanged.

However, there are a few more rules. First, having received documents in your hands, you cannot install a gas boiler on your own: only specially trained people should do this. In some cases, these may not be employees of the gas supplying organization, but representatives of the installation service licensed for this type of work. Then, upon completion of the installation, the engineer of the regional or city gas supplying organization will check the correctness of the connection and issue a permit for the use of gas. Only then can the gas valve leading to the apartment be connected.

Installation of gas equipment must be carried out by employees of organizations licensed for this type of work.

The individual heating system must be checked before start-up. To do this, it starts up at a pressure of at least 1.8 atm (it can be monitored on the boiler pressure gauge). If the tubes will be hidden in the walls or floor, it is advisable to give more pressure and drive the coolant through the pipes for at least a day. This will ensure that there are no leaks and that the connections are reliable.

The equipment must be vented before starting. Since the systems in apartments are made closed, you will have to use the "Mayevsky" taps located on the radiators. In each radiator, air is released, bypassing them in a circle several times until there is no air at all. After that, the system can be started: turn on in heating mode.

Do not forget that modern boilers are controlled by automation, and it is demanding on voltage. Therefore, it is desirable to install a voltage stabilizer and an inverter (or uninterruptible power supply). To protect the inside of the boiler from impurities, filters must be installed at the gas and cold water inlet. The electrical outlet (and other gas appliance) should be located at a distance of at least 30 cm from the boiler.

Reasons for the transition

Already today, it can be stated that individual heating in apartment buildings is popular. There are several reasons at once that explain this fact. The main ones are:

Lack of dependence on the air temperature outside. The owner does not need to wait until, according to the management company, it is cold enough outside to turn on the heating.
The ability to quickly create a comfortable microclimate. If the owner, being in the apartment, experiences discomfort due to the low temperature, then it is enough for him to turn on the heating system to make it warmer.
The ability to independently change the heating mode in the rooms. If the wiring of the networks in the house is installed incorrectly, then in winter the owner may feel a strong cold. Even if you contact the management company, the problem cannot be solved. Just because of one person, the heating system of the whole house or the wiring at the entrance will not change.

When creating an autonomous heating system in an apartment, significant money is saved. The owner of the city dwelling pays only for the heat he received.

Cons of individual heating

Often, the installation of individual heating systems can only be inconvenient for others. For example, neighbors of such an individual owner or heat supply organizations that suffer losses due to your savings. After all, all the extra costs that you get rid of will fall solely on them. However, for your own comfort and safety, you need to remember a few mandatory rules for installing individual heating.

Know the device of safe structures for the removal of combustion waste from your home. Sometimes carbon monoxide is simply taken outside the home.This is often done by inexperienced craftsmen or owners who want to conduct individual heating in an apartment on their own. This does not take into account the harm of such savings. Indeed, in such a proximity of the outlet pipe from the window, gas can penetrate back. And this can cause dangerous smoke in the premises, and subsequently many serious diseases.
You need to make sure of the quality of the purchased equipment and the correctness of its installation. Not only your comfort and health depends on this, but even your safety.
Remember, the installation of individual heating in an apartment needs regular preventive monitoring and maintenance. Remember that no one but you is interested in the correct and safe operation of your boiler.

Advantages and disadvantages

To make it clear whether it makes sense to install autonomous heating in an apartment, you need to find out about its main pros and cons. Having received this information, the owner will be able to make the right decision. Among the main advantages of individual heating can be attributed:

Registration procedure

Before starting the installation of equipment, it is necessary to draw up a project for autonomous heating. Often, gas units are used as the main heating installation for such systems. The owner needs to contact the supplier of the "blue" fuel so that the heating scheme is drawn up correctly. The organization's specialists will determine the best option for autonomous heating, taking into account specific technical conditions.

The most significant point is the pressure level in the gas pipeline. If it is insufficient and does not allow to ensure the normal operation of the installation, then you can forget about the creation of gas heating in the apartment. Then you will have to consider the option with a heating device with a different coolant. Alternatively, you can take a closer look at the scheme with an electric boiler or do it easier by installing a "warm floor" in the apartment.

It is interesting: what type of underfloor heating is better to choose.

Before you go to the gas company, you need to collect a certain list of documents. The owner will need to provide:

Technical passport for the apartment. This document should contain information that the dwelling is disconnected from the centralized heating supply.
Passport and TIN.
A copy of the equipment passport, as well as instructions for its installation.
Paid invoice for the services of a gas company for the preparation of an individual heating system.

When permission is received from the gas supplier, you can proceed to the creation of individual heating in your home.

The legislation of the Russian Federation clearly spelled out important points regarding the arrangement of autonomous gas heating. The boiler must be equipped with a closed combustion chamber and have well-functioning ways of removing carbon monoxide. If this condition is not met, then a ban will be imposed on the installation of a device for heating an apartment.

Individual heating in an apartment building

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The whole house lives according to the laws of the heating season, but the lucky ones, in whose apartments it is installed individual heating, they decide for themselves when to turn it on or off, raise the temperature or cool the room. And most importantly, they pay according to the meter - only for the consumed gas or electricity.

The heating system of cities was developed back in Soviet times, when no one thought about personal comfort - the heat was divided equally, the heating season did not begin with cold weather, but by order and ended with accidents on the heating main. Soviet times are over, but the system remains.

Ukrainians are amicably freezing in anticipation of the beginning of the heating season, warming themselves by electric heaters in winter, and in spring they suffer from hot radiators until the heating is turned off “upstairs”. To endure the cold for a week or two was a matter of habit until a new economical miracle appeared - individual heating. It turns out that you can turn a cold apartment into an oasis of warmth.

Content:

Independence season with individual heating

Permits for connecting individual heating

Are you going to install an electric boiler?

What are we saving on?

Package of documents

We arrange individual heating step by step

Independence season with individual heating

Autonomous system heating represents gas or electric boilerconnected to pipes and radiators... It heats the water to the desired temperature and promotes its circulation. Such a boiler can only work for heating (single-circuit boiler) or heat water for the bathroom and kitchen (double-circuit).

To install this system, it is enough to disconnect the apartment from the central heating supply and purchase and install your own heat source. The choice of a boiler depends on the area of the room and technical conditions, therefore it is better to entrust it to a specialist. However, you can do the preliminary calculations yourself. For heating 10 m2 with a ceiling height of up to 3 m, you will need 1 kW of boiler power. We divide the total area by 10 and choose a boiler with a small power reserve. There are gas, electric, diesel and even combined boilers.

The most common gas and electric boilers. The latter are cheaper and safer. Gas boilers are an order of magnitude more expensive than electric ones, do not corrode, almost do not overgrow with soot and last much longer than their other types. Boilers are also distinguished by the type of installation - wall-mounted and floor-standing. Wall mounts are cheaper, take up less space, and are easier to install. Floor standing boilers last longer, have no power limitations, and are insensitive to the quality of tap water. Needless to say, the equipment must be bought in specialized stores and with a guarantee, and the installation must be trusted only by licensed firms. When choosing a specific brand, ask the seller:

how quickly the boiler can be repaired if it breaks down, and how much does it cost;
when the warranty expires;
whether the boiler is adapted to local operating conditions, low gas pressure, unstable voltage.

Permits for connecting individual heating

Switching to individual heating is not easy. This is not officially prohibited. However, the Ministry of Housing and Communal Services (HCS) requires that the entire entrance, or even the house, be connected to the boilers, which is tantamount to a ban. The final decision remains with the city executive committee. Today, local authorities can refuse to install an autonomous gas boiler in an apartment building, or allow it - it all depends on both the specific case and the official.

The city gas service may prohibit individual heating in a house where it is not technically possible to supply gas directly to the boilers.For example, in a house there is a low gas supply power even for stoves, and if a household boiler is lit on the first floor, then the burners on the fifth will go out.

Are you going to install an electric boiler?

The city gas service doesn't mind. However, there are problems with the city state administration - after all, if the house is old wiring and knocks out plugs from any overvoltage, then the electric boiler will completely de-energize the whole house. On the other hand, there is a list of “problem” houses in which it is difficult to establish normal centralized heating, but it is easy to solve problems with the supply of gas and electricity. In such cases, utilities themselves offer residents to install individual heating. This immediately solves the problems of repairing heating mains and uninterrupted water supply.

Ideally, the house, the tenant of which is going to conduct "personal heat", should be private, in extreme cases, 2-4-storey. But in practice, everything is different, and even in an apartment building, you can install an autonomous boiler if certain conditions are met.

The heating installation cannot disrupt air exchange and ventilation in the room.
Designers are required to develop a clear chimney scheme.
The house was originally designed for a large volume of gas consumption, and the kitchen has a free corner for installing a heater. In other words, the chances are slim if you have a tiny apartment in an old Khrushchev building. However, if officials categorically refuse you to install autonomous heating, this problem can be successfully solved through a court.

What are we saving on?

First of all, individual heating protects your health and nerves. Most Ukrainians install boilers only in order not to freeze from autumn to spring, and in the summer not to heat water in pots while the heating network is turned off for preventive maintenance. A heating boiler is bought, first of all, for the sake of comfort, and only then - for the sake of economy. Which one?

Let's calculate now. If you install a gas boiler and compare the meter readings, on average, 20 to 40 m3 of gas is consumed in summer, and from 100 to 150 m3 in winter. We take into account not only housing heating, but also cooking for the whole family, heating water for personal needs. Heating alone in winter and autumn consumes 60-100 m3 of gas, which is 220-360 UAH.

We pay about UAH 500-800 per month for city heating networks. Savings are on average 280-440 UAH per month. For six months of the heating season, you will save about UAH 2,500. Considering that the installation of the system costs at least UAH 10,000, then its cost will pay off in 4 years. And it will be a time of comfort, warmth and tranquility.

Package of documents

The installation of individual heating is the same redevelopment, the process is long and laborious. The installation of the boiler and the pipeline system can take a week, and it will take three to five months to go through the authorities and collect documents. If you decide to switch to autonomous heating for this winter, you need to prepare the documents now. First of all, collect a standard set of title documents for an apartment:

a certificate of state registration or an agreement on the transfer of an apartment into ownership or a certificate of inheritance (a photocopy certified by a notary);
copies of title documents for each apartment owner, if there are several;
written consent of all family members living in the apartment, as well as tenants living in the house;
a photocopy of the technical passport of the premises.

This package of documents is required by each authority, so make sure that copies are always at hand.

We arrange individual heating step by step

First, you need to obtain permission from the city heating network to disconnect the apartment from the central heating. If turning off the radiators does not disrupt the operation of the engineering equipment of neighboring apartments or houses, there is no reason for refusal.Otherwise, you can appeal the ban in court.
Then contact the district housing office for a letter for the city gas service, which will indicate the technical conditions (TU) for the installation of a gas heating apparatus.
With permission from heating networks and a letter from the housing office, you need to go to the district administration and submit an application with a request to coordinate the installation of individual heating at your address. Now, having in hand the above two documents and a copy of the application to the district administration, you can go to the gas service reception for a document with the specified technical conditions.
To agree on an individual heating project, it will be necessary to collect technical specifications not only for connecting gas networks, but also for disconnecting the internal heating distribution from the central system, as well as technical specifications for ventilation ducts.
When all the papers are collected, you need to contact the design organization for a plan for redeveloping the premises. It should contain technical solutions with all the necessary calculations, a description of thermal insulation, the value of heat transfer of transit risers and pipelines passing through the apartment, and at the same time the calculated thermal loads of the apartment.
The redevelopment project must be coordinated with the SES authorities, the fire service and all authorities that issued the technical specifications.
The collected documents must be referred to the interdepartmental commission on the use of the housing stock. Within a specified period (month and a half), she considers your application. If the commission has given the go-ahead, you can buy and install the boiler, but if you are refused, you can appeal it in court.
After completing all construction and repair work, contact the city department of architecture and urban planning for an acceptance certificate. When the act is ready, take it to the real estate accounting organization. From that moment on, the installation of individual heating in the apartment can be considered officially issued.

All that remains is to renegotiate the heat supply contract on new terms and enjoy autonomous heat. However, it is much easier to do - to entrust all the documents and approvals to the design organization for a fee. In some cities, the city gas service takes over all the documentation.

Disconnection of district heating

To transfer an apartment to autonomous heating, you must first apply for a refusal to use district heating. When a positive decision is received, you can proceed to installing a boiler and other related equipment in the apartment.

To disconnect an apartment from central heating, you need to find out who is responsible for the pipes and radiators. If they are owned by the owners of the house, then permission should be obtained from the neighbors. If the apartment building is served by special services, then an application should be submitted with a request to disconnect from the heat supply networks.

You need to contact your home service company and get a permit. The document must contain the approved scheme and there must be permission to transfer the apartment to individual heating. Only after that you can proceed directly to dismantling the old system and installing an individual heating scheme for the apartment. It takes a lot of time to switch from one to the other. The experience of many apartment owners suggests that this takes 3-6 months.

Checklist of required actions

If it became known that the installation of individual heating is allowed in the house, a long walk through the authorities cannot be avoided:

First of all, you need to go to the local organization responsible for the supply of gas and write a statement there regarding the installation of a gas boiler in the apartment.After a certain time, the homeowner is issued an opinion regarding the permission or prohibition for the installation of the heating unit. If you receive a positive answer, you can install the hardware.
Next, you need a project. It should be ordered from a design office authorized for this type of work. Its address can be obtained from the gas supply company. At this stage, it is advisable to choose a boiler model and a counter. Design documentation should be drawn up for them, and the data should be indicated in the specification. The fact is that after approval changes can be made only later, and for a separate fee. If the project is signed, nothing can be changed in it, you need to order a new one.
In the fire authorities, you should find out the address and name of the organization that checks the condition of the ventilation ducts and agree with its specialists about the service. A company representative will come and check the quality of ventilation. If everything is in order, permission will be issued to install a gas boiler in the apartment. In the event of an unsatisfactory condition of the chimney, an act is drawn up with a list of works to be performed. After eliminating the shortcomings, you need to re-invite a specialist in order to eventually get permission.
At the next stage, an application for refusal of heating is submitted to the heating network. If you plan to heat the water yourself, you also need to refuse hot water supply. It is advisable to immediately clarify the timing of the shutdown measures. The rework project approved by Gorgaz should already be on hand.

Data on the purchased meter and boiler are reported to the project organization. Then the finished documentation is taken away. It is not worth purchasing equipment in advance, since permission to install a gas boiler in an apartment building cannot always be obtained.
Then, in the Gorgaz department, an agreement is concluded for the maintenance of the unit, and the gasification project is submitted for approval.
After receiving the signed project in your hands, you can start disconnecting from the heating network. In this case, you will need to drain the water from the heating system of the whole house.
Further, the owner of the apartment must mount an individual heating system. The boiler is installed without connecting to the gas main, the system is checked for tightness and readiness for operation.
In "Gorgaz" they find out the date when it is possible to install a gas boiler in an apartment building in a specific apartment. Its employees will connect pipes and equipment according to the project, seal the meter, start up the stove and the unit.
In order for the guarantee for the gas boiler to be valid, adjustment and implementation of the first start-up will be required, followed by a mark in the passport. For this type of work, contact the department where the device was delivered for service. The master will adjust the boiler, start the system and put a stamp in the passport. Now you can use the mounted equipment.

The entire process described above, in compliance with the requirements for installing a gas boiler in an apartment building, will take from 1.5 to 2.5 months. Therefore, it is advisable to start the procedure in the spring or at the very beginning of summer.

Equipment selection

To create an efficient and trouble-free system, it is necessary to properly approach the problem of equipment selection. The best option is to use a gas installation. It is optimal if it has a two-circuit design, but a single-circuit model can also be dispensed with. The choice in her favor should be made only if there are no interruptions in the supply of hot water in the apartment.

Using gas equipment as the main element of the heating system, you can significantly reduce heating costs.

However, this will require the installation of a two-two-rate counter. In this case, it is desirable that new wiring be laid in the apartment.It is best if it is copper.

Installation features

If desired, the installation of the heating system can be done by hand. Laying pipes and installing heating radiators are not super complicated activities. The help of professionals will be required when you need to make a gas branch, connect and start the boiler. Upon completion of the installation, they will check that the system is working correctly.

It is rather difficult to talk about the average cost of such work, since there are nuances in the creation of individual heating. Many factors form the final amount. The cost of work is influenced by the size of the apartment, the brand of the device and its functions. Also important is the material from which the pipes are made and the prices of individual specialists. But even with serious expenses, the owner pays for the money spent on the creation of such a system in a short time.

Individual gas heating in an apartment building is the right choice for many people who do not want to live without hot water for several weeks every summer.

With its help, you can provide a comfortable microclimate in your home at any time. When choosing a boiler, special attention should be paid to its capacity, which depends on the area of the dwelling.

Only professionals can correctly install the device and carry out the adjustment of its operation. This will require a certain amount of money. But upon their completion, the owner will have at his disposal an economical and smoothly functioning system. It will provide warmth in a city dwelling, and during operation it will not require much attention.