Band heater: scope and types

Purpose of tape heaters

Heat consumers are interested in the heating system to be easily and quickly installed, to be cheap to maintain and operate. The same cannot be said for heating boilers with liquid heat transfer fluids, pipes and radiators. They require considerable funds and efforts to install and maintain the system in working order during operation. The more complex the system, the greater the likelihood of failure of its individual elements.

Manufacturers produce several types of tape heaters, which are installed depending on the location conditions and the functional purpose of the premises.

Band gas infrared heaters are used to heat large rooms with a large area:

• production workshops;
• warehouse hangars;
• greenhouse complexes and other commercial and industrial facilities.

Example of tape installation in a greenhouse
Flexible band electric heater is widely used in various fields:

• Heating in order to prevent snow accumulation and freezing of icicles on the roofing of buildings;

Roof heating

• For heating pipes of drainage structures;
• Technological heating of individual elements of equipment on the line to ensure the production process;
• Protects the pipeline in certain areas from freezing;
• To maintain the set fluid temperature in the tanks.

Heating downpipes
The heating tape is used to heat the steps on the thresholds of buildings, paving slabs, protecting these places from icing in the cold season. Such measures reduce the risk of injury and labor costs for removing snow, ice and sanding. It is impossible to list all the options where tape heating elements are used, it depends on the engineering imagination of the personnel who solves certain technical problems.

Models of wall mounted infrared heaters for home

The principle of operation of a wall-mounted infrared heater for a home is identical to solar radiation, when heat rays are absorbed by objects and surfaces, and then transfer heat to the surrounding air. Due to this, on the one hand, certain zones are quickly heated when the device is turned on, and on the other hand, the heat flow is immediately stopped if it is turned off.

Infrared home heater

Due to the fact that radiation is not absorbed by the air, all the energy of the device is converted into heat practically without loss. It should be noted that at the same time, the level of humidity in the room does not change, and the air does not become dry; also, the advantages include the absolutely silent operation of the device. By design, infrared heaters can be cabinet, panel, film or lamp.

Flexible wall heaters

One of the thinnest infrared heaters is the flexible wall heater. It is made of two layers of polyester film and a heating element made of a thin (about 1.5 mm) carbon thread. The thickness of such a heating device allows it to be twisted into a roll when transporting or storing.

How an infrared wall heater works

The main advantages of such models are:

• light weight - they usually weigh no more than 1 kg and can be attached to absolutely any surface;
• versatility - the device can be used, including for small bathrooms with a high degree of humidity;
• low energy consumption - the cost of local heating in the range of 3 m is 0.08 rubles. in one hour of work;
• maintaining the natural climatic properties of the room - you will not have to experience discomfort from a lack of oxygen;
• therapeutic effect - the soft heat of the heater has healing properties;
• compactness - takes up almost no space during installation and transportation.

Flexible electric wall heater

Technical parameters of flexible electric wall heaters: electrical protection class II (DSTU 3135.0-95), operating power - 220V, power consumption - 400 W, and the heating temperature of the working surface - 75ºС.

Useful advice! Do not cover the film heater with bed linen or other things, this can provoke its deformation and failure.

A special place in the "family" of electric film wall heaters is occupied by models made in the form of paintings or panels. This design technique makes it possible to purchase a device that will logically fit into the interior of any style. The difficulty will be caused only by the difficulty of choosing among the huge assortment of thematic options.

Wall-mounted flexible heaters are usually presented in the form of pictures and have convenient fixings

Where to buy film heaters "wall panel"

Heating panels, in addition to the heating function, have a decorative component. A variety of subjects allows you to choose a "warm" decor for rooms for different purposes. For a children's room, panels with the image of your favorite characters from fairy tales and cartoons are suitable, for a bedroom - romantic landscapes, a magnificent waterfall will look great in the living room, and for the kitchen the place is for still life.

The most convenient way to buy a flexible wall heater is through an online store. Firstly, it is possible to carefully familiarize yourself with the technical parameters, and secondly, you can slowly choose the plot of the panel you like, and thirdly, you can compare the price level for heaters depending on the manufacturer. In addition, by visiting online retailers, you will always be aware of ongoing promotions and sales.

The main technical characteristics and approximate prices of wall-mounted electric heaters in the form of panels from different manufacturers.

It is worth noting that some manufacturers, presenting their products, do not exclude the possibility of using film heaters for drying vegetables and fruits, which will greatly help housewives in the kitchen when preparing food. Considering the convenience of transportation, many take panel heaters with them to their dacha in early spring or cool autumn.

How to order and buy a wall-mounted electric heater in the form of a picture

Using energy-saving wall heaters in the form of a picture in the interior, in addition to economic benefits, an excellent aesthetic effect can be achieved. Placing it next to a cozy sofa or soft armchair, you can simultaneously warm up on a cold evening and enjoy the beautiful landscape. After turning off the device, objects heated by infrared radiation will give off heat for some time.

Infrared Wall Heater Structure

By purchasing a wall-mounted film heater-picture, you can solve the issue of "beautiful" heating of a balcony or loggia, veranda or summer kitchen, garage or summer cottage during the off-season.Light weight, easy portability and quick set of working heating (within 30 seconds) will allow you to feel comfortable warmth immediately after connecting the device to the network.

Like most household appliances, you can choose, order and buy wall-mounted picture heaters on manufacturers' websites or in online stores. Product catalogs contain the necessary information on the technical parameters of each product and are accompanied by photos of electric wall heaters. A thorough preliminary review of the options will greatly simplify the selection.

Fireplace wall heater

Before you call the manager of the online store and place an order for the model you like, you need to make a comparative analysis of the prices of wall film heaters. Feedback from consumers at the stage of choosing heating equipment will help to understand its characteristics and avoid purchasing low-quality goods.

Useful advice! Give preference to well-known brands: even if you have to overpay for a brand, a guarantee of the durability and quality of the device will be provided.

The approximate cost of heaters in the form of paintings produced by different companies:

Types of tape heaters

Band heaters are divided into two main types according to the method of generating heat:

• gas band infrared heaters;
• electric tape heaters;

Gas infrared heaters

Infrared heaters were tested in the Soviet Union back in the fifties of the twentieth century. Due to the ideological concept, individual heating systems were not approved, preference was given to centralized heating systems. In the West, these technologies have been widely developed, several types of infrared heaters have been developed, one of them has a tape structure.

The design of a gas belt infrared heater can be divided into two components:

• Heat source - gas generator;
• Composite modules with tubes of a special coating structure, ensuring the maximum effect of infrared radiation.

Gas band heater design
The modules are assembled according to the principle of a children's Lego constructor, they can be installed indoors, giving any shape for pipes. The heating main is easily assembled, bending around obstacles, and is brought into a heated area.

The pipes form a closed loop through which the combustion products from the gas generator circulate. This ensures uniform heating around the entire perimeter. Depending on the functional purpose of the facility, the gas burner can be located outside or inside the building.

Advantages of a gas infrared heater:

• Versatility of application, practically for any premises;
• Simple and fast installation technology;
• Complete autonomy of the heating complex;
• Low fuel consumption and long service life;
• No need for maintenance during operation;
• Short start-up time, exit and change to the required temperature regime, the system is not inertial.

The range of heating pipes during operation is 150-250 ̊С, there is no forced ventilation for uniform movement of hot air, a centrifugal fan is used.

Electric band heaters

Almost all band heaters have the same structure: the high resistance wire is covered in a heat-resistant, waterproof sheath.Electric current causes heating of the wires, passing through a closed circuit with high resistance, heat is transferred through the insulator to the surrounding space, heating the air.

There may be structural differences in different brands of tape:

• by the number and diameter of wires in the tape;
• the structure of the metal and the value of the resistance of the wire;
• on the structure and material of the used outer insulating shell and other technical features.

The device and components of the tape heater

ENGL is a woven glass-fiber tape (base), in the middle of which several heating threads made of an alloy with high resistivity (nichrome - nickel with chromium) are located parallel to each other. Outside, the tape is covered with a waterproof shell made of silicone rubber, from which the ends of the ENGL are also crimped. The tape heater is connected to the network through an electric wire coming out of the end crimping, which is connected in a tape with heating threads.

According to the type of mains voltage consumed, heating tapes are produced for 12, 220 and 380 V.

The main element of the tape heater, which determines its characteristics, is the heating cable, from which the rows are made up inside the tape. To get a better idea of ​​the characteristics of ENGL, consider the types of cables that are used for heating.

Heating cables

According to the principle of operation, heating cables are divided into:

• resistive - with a fixed power and a heating core as a heat source, placed in a 3-layer shell (electrical insulation, shielding braid and UV protection);
• self-regulating - two parallel conductors (phase and zero) at a distance of 1 cm with a heat source located between them - a matrix that heats up when current passes through it from the phase wire to zero.

A single-core cable has only one heating core, so both ends must be connected to the network (the turns of such a cable must be positioned in such a way that the far end returns to the starting point, and both cable contacts are next to each other);

A two-core cable consists of a heating and a conductive core, the currents in which flow in different directions - the negative factors of the magnetic fields of the wires compensate each other (a two-core cable is connected to the network from one end, a special sleeve is installed at the other end);

Composition and properties of high resistance wires

The following requirements are imposed on wires in tape heaters:

• High heat resistance and resistance to oxidation at high temperatures;
• Ability to withstand mechanical stress at high temperatures;
• Stability of electrical parameters (resistance) at high temperatures;
• Maintaining wire Ø dimensions to avoid changes in power consumption.

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To fulfill these requirements, a heating wire made of nichrome alloys is best suited, double or triple nichrome is often used. The alloy of double nichrome contains 20% nichrome, the remaining 80% is nickel, these are high-quality, but expensive wires. The ternary alloy contains 12-14% nichrome, 60% nickel, the rest is iron impurities.

Wires with increased heat resistance are made of iron-chromium-aluminum alloy: 12-13% chromium, 82-84% iron and 3-5% aluminum; if nickel is absent, such an alloy is called fechral. Chromium oxide is applied to the outer layer of the wire, as it has high heat resistance, protects the inner part of the wire from oxidation and destruction.

Depending on these characteristics, the functional purpose and operating conditions of the tape are determined.

Flexible tape heater ENGL-1

At the heart of this tape are eight strands of nichrome wire, they are covered with silicone rubber, the outer shell is made of fiberglass for better thermal conductivity. Silicone rubber provides good flexibility and moisture insulation.

Belt heater ENGL-1

The heater has a calculated length and a sealed tip; it is forbidden to cut it into pieces. Manufacturers, at the request of the customer, produce tapes of various lengths and power consumption, but not more than 100 W per 1 m. It is very simple to install and connect, no special training is required.

Main technical characteristics:

• power supply from the 220V network;
• width - 24 mm;
• thickness - 3 mm;
• working temperature on the surface of the outer shell 180-250 ̊С.

It is recommended to use the tape for heating elements on production lines and for heating roofing.

Band heater ENGLU-400

The heater contains eight cores of nichrome wire, the outer insulation contains three layers, the fiberglass of the first and second layers is impregnated in an organosilicate solution. Produced in certain sizes, not cut, the end is hermetically sealed with a cap.

Main technical characteristics:

• maximum operating temperature - 400 ̊С;
• power supply - 220, 24, 12 V, depending on the model;
• the length of the low-temperature leads for connection to the network is 70 cm.

Specification of some tape models ENGLU-400

This tape is recommended to be used on industrial production lines, for heating asphalt, bitumen, in order to keep tin and other low-melting metal alloys in a liquid state. They are successfully used for heating molds in injection molding machines. To set the set temperature in electric circuits with a tape of the ENGLU brand, thermostats of various types are used.

Thermostat appearance

Self-adjusting heating tape

The special feature of this tape is the use of a semiconductor film matrix between two copper conductors. The semiconductor resistance changes with the ambient temperature. With decreasing temperature, the resistance of the matrix decreases, the current and heating temperature increase. When the temperature rises, the opposite process occurs.

Technical characteristics of self-regulating heating tape HTM 10-15 W / m:

• working temperature - 65 ̊С;
• the maximum allowable temperature is 85 ̊С, but not more than 1000 hours;
• power supply from a 220V network, there are models designed for 110V.

Film semiconductor matrix with copper conductors for moisture tightness is covered with a layer of modified polyopheline. For mechanical protection, a braid of tinned copper wire is put on the tape, which is grounded during installation. This measure eliminates electric shock in the event of a short circuit, the outer shell is made of ordinary PVC materials.

Self-regulating heating tape structure

It is recommended to use this tape for heating individual sections of water supply pipelines, roof coverings, sidewalks and steps at the entrance to buildings. Tapes are successfully used in "warm floors" technologies.

The advantages of self-adjusting tape are obvious:

• Automatic temperature control;
• Economical mode of consumption of electrical energy;
• Only those parts of the chain are heated where the temperature is too low;
• The ability to cut the tape into sections of the required length;
• Light weight, flexible, easy to operate and easy to lay during installation.

The properties of the film matrix allow you to heat individual areas where the temperature is below the set one. This mode of operation significantly saves energy consumption.

One of the examples of practical application of HTM 10-15 W / m is for heating pipelines.

An example of attaching a heating tape to pipes

The tape is securely fixed along the pipes with plastic clamps, after which thermal insulation and an external protective sheath (plastic corrugated tube) must be put on the pipes. The ends of the wires are connected to the network in the junction box, from where the line goes to the circuit breaker in the distribution board (switchboard).

The tape must not be attached to moving elements of structures; for safe operation, the tinned shielding sheath must be connected to the ground loop. In the tape circuit, it is connected to an RCD located on a din-rail in the distribution board, the leakage current of the protective shutdown is 30 mA.

The matrix begins to pass currents to heat the tape at a temperature of +5 ̊С, the maximum temperature is 85 ̊С. If there is no need for high temperatures, in order to save energy, it is allowed to install a thermostat in the circuit, limiting its maximum temperature to 50 ̊С.

Wall-mounted energy-saving home heaters: advantages and types of appliances

Despite the fact that many have long abandoned centralized heating services in favor of autonomous heating, mobile heaters for a house or apartment are still in demand. Indeed, it is often necessary to fill the house with heat on days when the cold suddenly returns, and it is simply irrational to start the entire heating system. It is then that compact electric heaters can be used to compensate for the lack of heat.

The lower the convector is located, the more efficient its work.

Electric wall heaters: advantages and types of devices

Modern household electric heaters are characterized by efficient energy consumption, converting it into heat by more than 90%. That is why such devices are energy efficient. Manufacturers of climatic equipment, improving their models, increase not only their technical and operational characteristics. The massive outdoor air heaters were replaced by wall-mounted counterparts, which are distinguished by their practicality, compactness and aesthetically pleasing appearance.

Wall mounted home heaters use a variety of heating methods for regulation, control and safe use. Considering a number of criteria, heaters are divided into types.

Depending on the heating method:

• convection - the room is heated by moving the air flow passing through the heating element;
• infrared - heating occurs due to thermal radiation.

Wall heaters are easy to use and safe

According to the configuration of the heating element:

• tubular heating lamps;
• panel;
• film.

Considering the ability to control the temperature of the device:

• with thermostat;
• without regulation function.

There are dozens of models of electric heaters from different manufacturers on sale. After reviewing and weighing the strengths and weaknesses of each type of energy-saving heaters, you can opt for specific equipment. What unites wall heating devices is that they do not take up much space, and some of them can also act as an original decor.

Electronic thermostat for heater

Specificity of wall-mounted electric heaters with a thermostat

When choosing wall heaters, you should pay attention to the presence of a thermostat in their design. This device controls the operation of the appliance, saving energy. By equipping the thermostat with a temperature sensor, it automatically turns on and off the heating depending on the set value. Some devices have a sensitivity threshold that reaches a tenth of a degree.

Some models of heaters are equipped with an on / off timer, which allows you to program the heater for the beginning or end of operation. It is possible to configure the equipment to turn on when you arrive from work or set a lower power at night with a subsequent increase in it in the morning. The difference in the cost of devices identical in power with and without a timer is up to $ 30.

Energy saving wall heater in the living room

There are two types of thermostats: mechanical and electronic thermostats. If there are frequent voltage drops in the house, it is recommended to use the mechanical option. If the voltage is stable, you can buy a wall heater with an electronic thermostat. Such heaters will work in automatic mode, without causing trouble for residents.

There are models of heaters not only with thermostats, but also with overheating protection systems, a light indicator and a mode switch within several positions. Such equipment will be quite convenient when there is a need to select the power of the heater: for example, in severe frosts, you can select the operating mode at full power, or, conversely, when the temperature outside the window is not too low, select a lower degree of intensity.

Wall mounted energy saving heater

Functions of Quartz Wall Mounted Energy Saving Home Heaters

The design of quartz heaters is presented in the form of a thin rectangular panel made of a composition based on quartz sand. Due to the fact that the heating element is located inside the panel, such a device is fireproof, it does not dry the air in the room and does not burn dust. The panel heating temperature does not exceed 95 ° C.

Monolithic panels prevent air from entering the heating device, which prevents oxidation and contributes to long-term operation. When heated, the monolith of the device accumulates heat and gradually gives it to the room. From the moment the device is turned on until it reaches the operating temperature, it takes about 20 minutes, and the accumulated heat remains for about 1.5 hours.

Quartz wall heater in the bedroom

The main advantages of such heaters are:

• low panel temperature, which allows it to be used in rooms where children are;
• high heat capacity;
• no effect on indoor humidity;
• efficiency of equipment - one panel is capable of heating an area up to 14-15 sq. m, while using about 0.5 kW of electrical energy.

Connection diagram of several panels of quartz heaters at the same time

Quartz monolithic panels can be used to heat all types of rooms, including wet bathrooms and bathrooms. They are very easy to install and can remain in place throughout the year without disturbing the aesthetic appearance of the premises. Among the shortcomings, it is worth noting the decent weight - 10-12 kg, and the limited power of the devices.

The ability of quartz energy-saving panels to continuously maintain an optimal temperature can be used as a source of heat in a room for permanent residence. However, this does not exclude the possibility of using them for additional heating of the room.

Quartz Wall Mounted Bathroom Heater

Modern electric heaters: wall convector

The convector device is a construction of a finned heating element, a heat exchanger and a convection chamber with openings for cold air intake and warm flows. Such devices have a neat appearance and can be an alternative to heating radiators, the heating of which is provided by the coolant in them.

The room is heated by convection of air, which rises at the same time. Thus, due to circulation, after a certain time, the air temperature is equalized. It should be noted that the heating temperature of the convector body is above 60 ° C, which makes them completely safe and suitable for placement in children's playrooms.

Wall-mounted convector

Wall-mounted convectors are very easy to attach to the wall, but they also come with legs, so they can be installed on the floor if desired. To achieve an economic effect, thermostats, which carry out the necessary temperature control, allow. Thermoregulators are mechanical or electronic, the latter maintain a given heat level more accurately.

By design, convector heaters are divided into devices with a closed and open spiral and monoblock ones. I would like to note that the cost of heaters with an open filament is much cheaper, however, they dry the air in the room. Devices where heating elements are used almost do not change the humidity of the room, but they can burn the dust accumulated on the heating element. It is recommended to clean them from dust from time to time.

Wall convector structure

For rooms where the constant use of convectors is planned, monoblock devices are the most suitable. The heating element in them is reliably protected by a special filler, which creates a safe heating. Such devices are distinguished by long-term operation.

The principle of operation of the wall convector

Ceramic heaters

Ceramic wall heaters are similar in principle to convection heaters, since heating is carried out by convection: warm air rises, and cold air descends for further heating. However, infrared radiation is added to the action of such devices, which is formed by the ceramic plate. Their main advantages include:

• efficiency of equipment;
• safety of use;
• compactness and easy installation;
• silent work;
• equipment management;
• varied design.

Ceramic heaters in the interior

The natural material of ceramic plates has unique properties that are excellent for heat storage. Ceramics are resistant to temperature changes and do not deteriorate as a result of such exposure. Having a low coefficient of expansion, good thermal conductivity and strength to mechanical stress, this material is perfectly suited for use in electric heaters.

Ceramic wall heaters have an excellent stylish design and can be made in a variety of colors. Unlike convectors, ceramic plates warm up rooms with high ceilings well. The operation of such heaters is not accompanied by noise and high heating of the plates, they do not dry the air and create comfortable soft heat. The disadvantages include only a decent weight of the heaters.

Glossy Ceramic Heater Panel

All models are equipped with a built-in electronic thermostat. Devices made in the form of thin glossy panels can decorate any interior. Ceramic infrared heaters are installed directly under the ceiling.For the convenience of monitoring the functioning of such panels, they are supplied with remote controls.