The difference between open and closed chamber in gas boilers

A reliable heating boiler is a guarantee of warmth and comfort in the house

Each consumer solves this problem in his own way, but one thing is safe to say: with an obsolete boiler, all energy saving measures will not give a tangible effect. A reliable boiler, regardless of the fuel used, is the heart of any heating system. It is on his work that the warmth in the house depends, which is so necessary for us in the cold season. But so that the cost of heat does not ruin the family budget, the old boiler must be replaced with a new, modern and economical one.

The range of boilers is unusually large, and the consumer can choose a model designed both for heating a private house and for organizing autonomous heating in an apartment.

Classification of boilers and the general principle of their operation

Heating boilers are classified according to several parameters:

• Type of fuel.
• Power.
• The number of contours.
• Installation methods (floor or wall).
• Combustion chamber type (open or closed).

If in an electric heating boiler water is heated directly by TEN, then in gas, solid fuel and diesel boilers, an open flame is used to heat the coolant, which is created by burning fuel in a special chamber. Fuel combustion chambers are open or closed, and the combustion process and temperature regime are controlled by a reliable automation system.

The principle of operation of any heating boiler is simple. The fuel burns out, heats the coolant, which gives off heat to the room through the radiators. In diesel boilers, open chambers are used, and various models of gas and solid fuel boilers can have both open and closed combustion chamber designs. Consider their distinctive characteristics, as well as advantages and disadvantages.

Features of an open combustion chamber

An open combustion chamber is a burner that heats a coil, through thin tubes of which a coolant (water) flows. As you know, the presence of oxygen is necessary to maintain the combustion process. The design of the open chamber provides for the intake of oxygen from the ambient air through special channels. The exhaust gases are removed naturally through the chimney.

Open chamber boiler
The room where the boiler is installed must have opening window, which provides a natural flow of fresh air and eliminates high concentrations of carbon monoxide. The design of an open combustion chamber is quite simple, and the maintenance of such boilers consists of the following activities:

1. Cleaning the burner.
2. Descaling the coil.
3. Chimney cleaning.
4. Control of the operation of automation devices.

It should be borne in mind that with all the advantages and disadvantages of open combustion chambers, the price of such boilers is an order of magnitude lower than the cost of boilers with a closed chamber, which is often the main criterion for choosing heating equipment. And tangible fuel savings can only be achieved by installing a water pump, as well as carefully insulating the chimney and walls of the house.

Boiler selection tips

In the heating system, the boiler occupies a central place, and can rightfully be considered the heart of the heat supply system. Modern boilers, in addition to purely professional qualities, also have an ergonomic design, which, of course, is pleasant to every owner.

Boilers are floor-standing and wall-mounted.Floor standing boilers, as the name suggests, are floor-mounted and are most often connected to a high-performance DHW cylinder to prepare domestic hot water. Wall-hung boilers are ideal for heating an apartment or residential building and preparing domestic hot water. The wall-mounted boiler meets all current requirements for a minimum of occupied space. Compared to a floor-standing wall-mounted boiler, it has smaller dimensions and does not take up a large area, since it is installed on the wall. It can be easily installed in the kitchen, bathroom or attic.

Let's focus on the wall-mounted boiler and consider it in more detail.

The boiler is a heat generator, in it the energy from the combustion of fuel is transferred by means of a heat exchanger to the heat carrier, which is most often water.

Features of wall-hung boilers

Wall-mounted boilers are single and double-circuit. Single-circuit boilers provide only space heating.

Double-circuit - simultaneously heat the room and provide hot water supply. The advantage of double-circuit boilers over single-circuit ones seems obvious, because buying one boiler, you solve two problems at once. But there are individual cases, for example, in a private house there may be a central water supply and there is no heating. Then single-circuit boilers come to the rescue.

In wall-mounted boilers, the principle of heating water is flowing. Heat carrier - water is not heated in a container, but heats up in a "flow mode".

Wall mounted boilers with open and closed combustion chambers

Wall-hung boilers are also subdivided into boilers with open and closed combustion chambers.

In boilers with an open combustion chamber (with natural draft), combustion air is taken directly from the room in which the boiler is located, and the exhaust gases are discharged into the chimney, which must be provided in the room. When there is no chimney or the boiler will be installed in an apartment where the chimney is not conceived in principle, boilers with a closed combustion chamber come to the rescue. In this case, the boiler is equipped with a special smoke exhaust system. The fact is that a smoke exhauster is included in the design of such a boiler, which forcibly removes combustion products from the furnace, and, accordingly, it does not need a chimney with natural draft.

The advantage of such boilers is that they do not burn oxygen in the room and do not require additional air supply to maintain the combustion process. Such a boiler room scheme: a wall-mounted gas boiler with a closed combustion chamber with a coaxial chimney is most often used in the organization of apartment heating. Convenience lies in the fact that the owner himself can regulate the intensity of the heating and water supply. And also there is no need to pay for neighbors if a common boiler room is organized in the house, and the payment is charged without heat meters, per apartment. The result is savings in installing a short and inexpensive coaxial chimney instead of the traditional, more expensive one.

It often happens that the owner does not want to bring the chimney to the roof of the cottage for aesthetic reasons, or for fear that the roof slope may become covered with icicles and the chimney will simply break. In such cases, a vertical coaxial chimney also helps out.

Possibilities of wall-hung boilers

Wall mounted gas boilers are designed for heating private houses or apartments, as well as for preparing hot water. As a rule, they are compact in size, while successfully combining many useful properties. Manufacturers take into account that the boiler will be in front of our eyes all the time, and therefore wall-mounted boilers have an exquisite design.

The boiler is controlled by automation, which, depending on the degree of automation, will itself maintain the set temperature in the house.For example, you yourself can control the operation of the boiler by setting the desired temperature for a given time (timer) and in the required room (for example, at night the temperature is +20, and during the day +22). The heating system can include a "warm floor", the temperature of which can also be controlled by the boiler. The gas boiler turns off automatically when there is no gas and automatically turns on when the gas is turned on, that is, it has an automatic ignition unit. The boiler automation controls the presence of flame, draft in the chimney, heating of the coolant.

Choosing a wall-mounted boiler

First you need to decide which boiler you need: single or double-circuit.

Next, you need to determine the required boiler power.

Heat loss of 1 m² of the house area can be averaged to be taken as 100 watts. But this is provided that your home is not adjacent to unheated premises. Moreover, the ceilings in it should be 3 m and not very many windows. If you want to heat a corner room, or a room with two or more windows, then about 150 watts will be required for heating 1 m².

A more detailed calculation can be obtained from consultant managers who will select equipment based on the parameters of your house or apartment.

Suppose that you have already roughly decided or helped you to determine the required power for heating needs.

The next question that you have to solve is the boiler performance for hot water supply. And here the approximate mathematics is also very simple. One tap dispenses about 400 l / h. In the technical characteristics of the boiler, the productivity is usually given in minutes, i.e. in l / min. So, if one hot water supply point is enough for you, then you need a boiler with a capacity of 400 l / h: 60 = 6.6 l / min.

If, after assessing the needs, you need at least two points of hot water supply, then the boiler that would suit you must have a capacity of at least 13.2 l / min. So, we seem to have figured out the expense. However, this is not quite true.

It's about the temperature of the water. After all, we wash our hands, dishes, take a shower, as a rule, not with hot water, but with warm water. More precisely, the comfortable temperature of "warm" water is about 40 ° C. Returning to the characteristics of boilers, in which, in addition to the DHW temperature range, for example, 30-50 С ° ± 3 С °, such a parameter is given as the flow rate at Δt 25; thirty; 35. What kind of Δ is this? Everything is very simple: it is the difference between the temperature of cold water entering the boiler and hot water heated by the boiler. Let's assume that the temperature of cold water is 10 ° C. To get the desired 40 C ° at the exit (or a little less - a matter of taste), we need to heat the water by 30 C °. Accordingly, we are interested in a constant water flow rate at Δt 30 C °, which, for example, is equal to 13.2 l / min. So, this boiler is guaranteed to provide two points of water supply in any mode of use.

Thus, we choose the boiler according to the DHW capacity and, returning to the “power” column, we are very surprised to see 27.5 kW.

“Where is such a powerful house of 150 m²? This is mistake!" - you say to the seller. No, not a mistake. Indeed, the overestimated power of the wall mount is, as a rule, due to your appetites for preparing hot water.

An important selection criterion is an open or closed combustion chamber. If you are going to place the boiler in a separate house, then the boiler with an open combustion chamber is preferable. If a wall-mounted boiler is supposed to be in an apartment or in a house where there is no chimney, you should choose a boiler with a closed combustion chamber.

Modern wall-mounted gas boilers have a whole range of advantages. First, they remain operational (they are not blocked or turned off) with a sufficiently wide range of gas pressure. This property is simply vital when using boilers in Russia, because in our country there is a problem of constant pressure drop in the main gas. Good wall-hung boilers ignite steadily and work even with a gas pressure of 2 mbar.Of course, power at this pressure is reduced by almost 6 times, but it works stably. At the same time, they retain at least 90% of the power at a gas pressure of 13 mbar.

Secondly, almost all boilers have a burner power control system that allows you to smoothly change the burner power in the range of 37-100% depending on the need and thereby reduce the likelihood of scale formation in the heat exchanger, increasing the comfort of use.

Thirdly, they are equipped with all the necessary degrees of protection to ensure a high level of safety for these boilers. Electrolux wall-mounted boilers have two levels of protection against scale formation. On the one hand, it is a primary circuit temperature control system that allows an almost instantaneous response to a critical increase in temperature in the heat exchanger, which significantly reduces the likelihood of scale formation. On the other hand, it also has a magnetic scale reduction system, based on the fact that, under the influence of a magnetic field, salts are separated and aligned in such a way that they do not precipitate when heated. If this does not happen, and scale settles on the heat exchanger, it burns out and the boiler becomes faulty.

RUSKLIMAT represents a wide range of reliable, durable and economical wall-mounted gas boilers, and also offers its services for the selection, installation and maintenance of equipment. Our experts, based on your needs, will individually select the equipment that is most suitable for you.

www.rusklimat.ru

Features of a closed combustion chamber

A closed combustion chamber is a closed zone with a burner, where air is injected through a coaxial chimney, which is a pipe in a pipe, and combustion products are removed. Forced air circulation is provided through the use of an electric fan, which makes the heating system dependent on the availability of electricity, and also increases the noise level in the room.

The forced air is heated by the exhaust gases, which contributes to complete combustion of fuel... This, in turn, increases the efficiency of boilers with a closed chamber and improves their environmental safety. Boilers with a closed chamber are easy to install, they do not require bulky chimneys, and they are perfect for organizing autonomous heating in apartments.

Among the disadvantages are regular maintenance, significant power consumption and the danger of freezing the combustion area due to the short length of the coaxial chimney. The fuel savings that sealed chamber boilers provide are usually offset by the cost of electricity, maintenance and the purchase of spare parts needed in the event of a repair.

Renovation and construction

Manufacturers, models and prices of a gas wall-mounted double-circuit boiler with a closed combustion chamber

Intense competition in the market and aggressive advertising does not give the right to unambiguously assert the primacy of a particular model. Many resources willingly publish ratings of wall double-circuit, but they can differ significantly from each other. However, a certain trend can be noted. Some models wander from list to list, albeit often not in the first places. This can only say about one thing - these products really deserve attention and should have some advantages when choosing. Although the final decision on which model is better will remain with the buyer, who can be guided by his own preferences.

Naturally, this market segment was not ignored by Bosch. It is difficult to imagine any real or virtual trading platform for household appliances without its logo.

Products of Italian firms - Baxi, Ferroli, Ariston and other lesser-known companies - are widely represented in Russia. The reputation of these products is high.They are famous for their economy and great design.

For the same qualities, the French Saunier Duval boilers are also loved in Russia.

More and more Russian companies are being forced to draw attention to themselves. First of all, these are GazLux, Zhukovsky Gas Equipment Plant, Neva Lux, and Gidropress.

Domestic boilers "Gazlux" compete with the products of leading companies not only due to an affordable price

Below are the comparative characteristics of the best-selling wall-mounted gas double-circuit boilers with a closed combustion chamber.

Table 1. Comparative characteristics of wall-mounted gas double-circuit boilers.

For comparison, we selected products of the same class. Perhaps, when buying, such capacity will be excessive or, on the contrary, excessive. There are many proposals and how to choose a gas double-circuit wall-mounted boiler is solved according to the specific tasks and capabilities of the buyer.